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路由器 - 2008-6-16 21:43:00

1. Her lecture gave a sense of how empty the universe is, in spite of the ---- number of stars within it. (A) diminishing
(B) varying
(C) enormous
(D) unusual
(E) limited
2. The wilderness is ---- in that it permits people to face an important reality-one that demands much of them as thinking, reacting, working individuals, not ---- as human machines.
(A) foreign.. necessarily
(B) intangible.. physically
(C) stimulating.. creatively
(D) discouraging.. neutrally
(E) valuable.. merely
3. Ambrose Blerce's biographers agree that the Civil War was the central experience of his life, the event to which be constantly returned and the --- that brought some ---- to the hitherto random pattern of his youth.
(A) ordeal.. coherence
(B) interruption.. continuity
(C) climax.. confusion
(D) escape.. diversion
(E) hiatus.. rigidity
4. The constitutional guarantee or tree speech may have been aimed at protecting native speakers of English from censorship, but it is not a great
---- to interpret it as protecting the right to
express oneself in any natural language or dialect.
(A) enigma
(B) extension
(C) sacrifice
(D) condemnation
(E) attenuation
5. Although Darwinism was a profoundly ---- world view, it was essentially passive, since it prescribed no steps to be taken, no victories over nature to be celebrated, no program of triumphs of be successively gained.
(A) limited
(B) repressive
(C) debatable
(D) innovative
(E) paradoxical
6. Personnel experts say that attractive benefits alone will not always keep ---- executives from changing jobs for better long-range opportunities, but they think the enticements may deter many executives from accepting ---- offers from other companies.
(A) discontented.. preferable
(B) ambitious.. routine
(C) unqualified.. inferior
(D) experienced.. superior
(E) dedicated.. advantageous
7. The concept of timelessness is paradoxical from the start ,for adult consciousness is ---- by the awareness of duration.
(A) intrigued
(B) repelled
(C) measured
(D) accelerated
(E) permeated
8. MOLECULE: ATOMS::
(A) tissue: cells
(B) office: furniture
(C) body: limbs
(D) family: brothers
(E) light: batteries
9. ARRHYTHMIC: REGULARITY::
(A) atonal: sound
(B) aromatic: fragrance
(C) apathetic.. concern
(D) aggrieved.. injury
(E) apolitical.. popularity
10. OBJECTIVITY: PARTISAN::
(A) honesty: witness
(B) accuracy: critic
(C) skepticism: infidel
(D) temperance: reprobate
(E) hesitancy: paragon
11. LIMP: WALK::
(A) stumble: run
(B) sneeze: breathe
(C) flap: fly
(D) choke: chew
(E) stutter: talk
12. CONUNDRUM: SOLVE::
(A) mirage: vanish
(B) tangle: unravel
(C) dilemma: arbitrate
(D) joke: amuse
(E) target: aim
13. AGENDA: MINUTES::
(A) entry: diary
(B) budget: money
(C) draft: report
(D) itinerary: log
(E) preview: movie
14. RAVISHING: ATTRACTIVE::
(A) florid: healthy
(B) perspicacious: discerning
(C) impassioned: abject
(D) passive: insensitive
(E) sullen: quarrelsome
15. NIL: QUANTITY::
(A) vacuum: matter
(B) data: correlation
(C) infinity: universe
(D) measurement: precision
(E) fraction: validity
16. FULMINATE: CRITICIZE::
(A) penetrate: enter
(B) narrate: relate
(C) adulate: flatter
(D) venerate: exculpate
(E) devastate: annihilate
My objective is to analyze certain forms of knowledge, not in terms of repression or law, but in terms of power. But the word power is apt to lead to misunderstandings about the nature, form, and unity of power. By power, I do not mean a group of institutions and mechanisms that ensure the subservience of the citizenry. I do not mean, either, a mode of subjugation that, in contrast to violence, has the form of the rule. Finally, I do not have in mind a general system of domination exerted by one group over another, a system whose effects, through successive derivations, pervade the entire social body. The sovereignty of the state, the form of law, or the overall unity of a domination are only the terminal forms power takes.
It seems to me that power must be understood as the multiplicity of force relations that are immanent in the social sphere; as the process that, through ceaseless struggle and confrontation, transforms, strengthens, or reverses them; as the support that these force relations find in one another, or on the contrary, the disjunctions and contradictions that isolate them from one another; and lastly, as the strategies in which they take effect, whose general design or institutional crystallization is embodied in the state apparatus, in the formulation of the law, in the various social hegemonies.
Thus, the viewpoint that permits one to understand the exercise of power, even in its more "peripheral" effects, and that also makes it possible to use its mechanisms as a structural framework for analyzing the social order, must not be sought in a unique source of sovereignty from which secondary and descendent forms of power emanate but in the moving substrate of force relations that, by virtue of their inequality, constantly engender local and unstable states of power. If power seems omnipresent, it is not because it has the privilege of consolidating everything under its invincible unity, but because it is produced from one moment to the next, at every point, or rather in every relation from one point to another. Power is everywhere, not because it embraces every- thing, but because it comes from everywhere. And if power at times seems to be permanent, repetitions, inert, and self-reproducing, it is simply because the overall effect that emerges from all these mobilities is a concatenation that rests on each of them and seeks in turn to arrest their movement. One needs to be nominalistic, no doubt: power is not an institution, and not a structure; neither is it a certain strength we are endowed with; it is the name that one attributes to a complex strategic situation in a particular society.
17. The author's primary purpose in defining power is to
(A) counteract self-serving and confusing uses of the term
(B) establish a compromise among those who have defined the term in different ways
(C) increase comprehension of the term by pro- viding concrete examples
(D) demonstrate how the meaning of the term has evolved
(E) avoid possible misinterpretations resulting from the more common uses of the term
18. According to the passage, which of the following best describes the relationship between law and power?
(A) Law is the protector of power.
(B) Law is the source of power.
(C) Law sets bounds of power.
(D) Law is a product of power.
(E) law is a stabilizer of power.
19. Which of the following methods is NOT used extensively by the author in describing his own conception of power?
(A) Restatement of central ideas
(B) Provision of concrete examples
(C) Analysis and classification
(D) Comparison and contrast
(E) Statement of cause and effect
20. With which of the following statements would the author be most likely to agree?
(A) Power tends to corrupt; absolute power corrupts absolutely.
(B) The highest proof of virtue is to possess boundless power without abusing it.
(C) To love knowledge is to love power.
(D) It is from the people and their deeds that power springs.
(E) The health of the people as a state is the foundation on which all their power depends.
21. The author's attitude toward the various kinds of compulsion employed by social institutions is best described as
(A) concerned and sympathetic
(B) scientific and detached
(C) suspicious and cautious
(D) reproachful and disturbed
(E) meditative and wistful
22. According to the passage, states of power are transient because of the
(A) differing natures and directions of the forces that create them
(B) rigid structural framework in which they operate
(C) unique source from which they emanate
(D) pervasive nature and complexity of the mechanisms by which they operate
(E) concatenation that seeks to arrest their movement
23. It can be inferred from the passage that the author believes the conflict among social forces to be
(A) essentially the same from one society to another even though its outward manifestation may seem different
(B) usually the result of misunderstandings that impede social progress
(C) an inevitable feature of the social order of any state
(D) wrongly blamed for disrupting the stability of society
(E) best moderated in states that possess a strong central government
The hypothesis of an expanding Earth has never attracted notable support, and if it were not for the historical example of continental drift, such indifference might be a legitimate response to an apparently improbable concept. It should be remembered, however, that drift too was once regarded as illusory, but the idea was kept alive until evidence from physicists compelled geologists to reinterpret their date.
Of course, it would be as dangerous to overreact to history by concluding that the majority must now be wrong about expansion as it would be to reenact the response that greeted the suggestion that the continents had drifted. The cases are not precisely analogous. There were serious problems with the pre-drift world view that a drift theory could help to resolve, whereas Earth expansion appears to offer no comparable advantages. If, however, physicists could show that the Earth's gravitational force has decreased with time, expansion would have to be reconsidered and accommodated.
24. The passage indicates that one reason why the expansion hypothesis has attracted little support is that it will not
(A) overcome deficiencies in current geologic hypotheses
(B) clarify theories concerning the Earth's gravitational forces
(C) complement the theory of continental drift
(D) accommodate relevant theories from the field of physics
(E) withstand criticism from scientists outside the field of geology
25. The final acceptance of a drift theory could best be used to support the argument that
(A) physicists are reluctant to communicate with other scientists
(B) improbable hypotheses usually turn out to be valid
(C) there should be cooperation between different fields of science
(D) there is a need for governmental control of scientific research
(E) scientific theories are often proved by accident
26. In developing his argument, the author warns against
(A) relying on incomplete measurements
(B) introducing irrelevant information
(C) rejecting corroborative evidence
(D) accepting uninformed opinions
(E) making unwarranted comparisons
27. It can be deduced from the passage that the gravitation force at a point on the Earth's surface is
(A) representative of the geologic age of the Earth
(B) analogous to the movement of land masses
(C) similar to optical phenomena such as mirages
(D) proportional to the size of the Earth
(E) dependent on the speed of the Earth's rotation
28. BARRICADE:
(A) join forces
(B) assure safety
(C) permit passage
(D) renew promises
(E) remain stationary
29. TAUT:
(A) loose or unfirm
(B) rough or unformed
(C) transparent or lucid
(D) pliant or malleable
(E) open or accommodating
30. OPPORTUNE:
(A) trivial
(B) practical
(C) inconvenient
(D) unavailable
(E) inconsistent
31. DISMAY:
(A) sympathize
(B) hearten
(C) absolve
(D) legitimize
(E) scrutinize
32. FESTER:
(A) depreciate
(B) heal
(C) animate
(D) liquefy
(E) soften
33. DISCERNMENT:
(A) weakness of will
(B) loss of authority
(C) lack of insight
(D) decrease in adornment
(E) reduction in strength
34. DEPLOY:
(A) relinquish
(B) convert
(C) insulate
(D) concentrate
(E) deceive
35. MOLIFICATION:
(A) inflammation
(B) resuscitation
(C) infiltration
(D) stabilization
(E) precipitation
36. INFELICTTY:
(A) manifestation
(B) nervousness
(C) restoration
(D) gratuitousness
(E) appropriateness
37. ASPERITY:
(A) depth
(B) mildness
(C) imprecision
(D) leisure
(E) indifference
38. DESULTORY:
(A) impetuous
(B) pitiful
(C) assiduous
(D) lavish
(E) healthful

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