中国留学之家 MBA英语复习备考之关键词组解析（A－D）

踏雪无痕 - 2008-6-19 10:29:00

A
a bit 一点；一些
The modern opera was a bit of a disappointment; we expected it to be much better
. 这部现代歌剧有点令人失望,比我们想象中的差得多。
I asked her to give me a hand but she's being a bit unwilling about it.
我请她过来帮忙,但她却有点不乐意。
I'm a little bit tired. Let's take a short rest.
我有点累了。让我们休息一会儿。
I'm a bit tired tonight. 今晚我有点疲倦。
The painting on the wall is a bit crooked.
墙上的油画有些歪。
Don't believe all he says — he's a bit of a boaster. 别全信他说的，他有点自吹自
擂。
a body of 一片，一批；大量
a body of men(facts) 一批人（大量事实）
a couple of 两个，数个
a couple of socks 一双袜子
I have a couple of things to do.
我有几件事情要办。
I waited a couple of hours. 我等了几个小时。
add up to 总计；意味着
All this adds up to a new concept of the Universe.
Your long answer just adds up to a refusal.
a far cry 大不相同，悬殊；遥远的距离
It is a far cry from Beijing to New York.
a few几个，少数
Can you stay a few days longer?
你能多留几天吗？
Are you friends here? Yes, a few are here.
你的朋友们在这儿吗？有，有几个在这儿。
a good / great deal大量的，许多的
a great deal of support 大量援助
a good deal of trouble 大量麻烦
a good / great many相当多，很多
a little一些，少许；略微
There isn't much tea, but we only need a little for a cup of tea.
没有多少茶叶了，但是我们只需要一点儿泡杯茶。
He speaks a little Spanish.
他会讲一点西班牙语。
a lot很，非常
a lot of / lots of大量的，许多的
There was a lot of mud on the ground.
地上有许多泥。
I picked lots of flowers.
我摘了许多花。
He has quite a lot of friends.
他有很多朋友。
a series of一连串，一系列
He saw a series of white arrows painted on the road. 他看见马路上画有一连串白色箭
头。
above all首先，尤其是
Above all, I love Tchaikovsky.
首先，我喜欢柴可夫斯基。
add up to总计；意味着
after all 终究；毕竟
It has turned out to be a nice day after all.
天气终于转晴了。
So you see I was right after all!
你看,毕竟还是我对吧!
ahead of 在…之前；早于
Our coMPAny is ahead of other makers of spare parts for the airplane.
我们公司制造飞机零部件比别家的业绩好。
all at once突然, 忽然
all but 差不多，几乎；除了…都
I all but stumbled. 我差一点摔跤。
That’s all but impossible.那几乎不可能。
The job is all but finished!
这工作差不多完成了！
all of a sudden突然
all over 到处，遍及；结束；（相貌）非常像
I’m wet all over. 我全身湿透。
It’s all over (with him).结束了（他完蛋了）。
I have looked all over for him.我到处找过他。
all right 令人满意的，不错的；（健康）良好的；行，可以
If it’s all right to you, it’s all right to me.
These clothes are all right for summer wear.
注意：all right to + 人
all right for + 事物
all the same依然，照样地
all the time一直，始终；三番五次地
allow for考虑；允许
We must allow for his inexperience.
我们必须考虑到他缺乏经验。
It takes about two hours to get to their office building, allowing for possible
traffic delays. 考虑到路上可能遇到的交通耽搁,到他们的办公大楼大约要花费两小时
。
and so on / forth等等
answer for对…负责
You’ll have to answer for your carelessness.
I will answer for the truth of what he has said. 我保证他所说的话是真的。
The bus driver should answer for the safety of the passengers.
公共汽车司机应对旅客的安全负责。
anything but绝不；一点也不；单单除…之外
I will do anything but go there.
我决不到那里去。
That's anything but true. 那决不是真的。
apart from除…外=aside from
All the children like music apart from Bobby. 除了博比外所有的孩子都喜欢音乐。
The writer lives apart from his family.
作家不与家人同住。
Apart from being too large, the trousers don't suit me.
这条裤子不但太大,而且我穿着也不合适。
Apart from a few words, I do not know any French at all.
除了很少的几句外,我对法语一无所知。
as / so long as只要；如果；既然，由于
You may borrow this book as long as you promise to give it back.
只要你答应归还，你就可以把这书借走。
as a matter of fact事实上，其实
as a result结果，因此
as a result of由于…的结果
as a rule 通常，照样地
As a rule, we get up at 6 O’clock.
as far as远到，直到；就…而言
As far as I know, he has gone to town.
就我所知，他到镇子上去了。
as far as … concerned就…而论
as follows如下
The results are as follows...
结果如下…
as for / to关于；至于
You can have a bed, but as for the children, they’ll have to sleep on the floor
.
I don't know anything as to the others.
至于其他，我一无所知。
as good as和…几乎一样，实际上等于
as if / though好像，好似
She spoke to me as if she knew me.
她和我说话的神情，好像她早就认识我似的。
as regards 关于= as for
As regards (doing) that, I haven’t decided yet.
注意：regarding = with regard to = in regard to
as soon as一…就，刚…便
as well也；还；同样
as well as也，又，以及；和…一样，除…之外
as … as像…一样
aside from除…以外=apart from
ask after问候（身体健康）
ask for要求；请求
ask for the tickets找票（想得到票）
at a loss 亏本；不知所措；困惑
I found myself at a loss for words of consolation.
be at a loss to recollect sb’s name
at all（用语问句、否定句等）根本不
I don't like him at all. 我一点儿也不喜欢他。
I'm not at all sorry I came, I'm glad!
我来了一点也不遗憾，我很高兴。
He doesn't smoke at all. 他从来不吸烟。
at all costs不惜任何代价；无论如何
at all events无论如何，不管怎样
at all times任何时候；随时；总是
at any rate无论如何
at first sight乍看，初见
at hand在近处，在手边；即将到来
at heart内心里；实质上
at intervals每隔一段时间，每隔一段距离；不时
Trees are standing at intervals along the street.
arranged at intervals of ten feet
以10英尺的间隔排列
at large 自由地；一般地；整体的
He spoke at a large on the subject
talk at large 详谈
preliminary arrangement made at large
一般性的初步安排
the country at large 整个国家
at least至少
He's going away for at least a week.
他起码一星期出去一次。
at length最后；详细地
speak at great length
debate a subject at length
at most最多；最大
We can stay for two days at most.
我们最多能待两天。
at no time 从不；决不
At no time will China be the first to use nuclear weapons.
at once马上，立刻；同时
Do it at once. 马上做。
Don't all speak at once! 大家别一块儿说话！
at one time曾经，一度；同时
at present现在；目前
At present, he is on holiday.目前，他正在度假。
at the cost of牺牲，以…为代价
at the moment此刻，目前
at the same time同时，然而，不过
at times有时
B
back and forth前后；来回
Someone was pacing back and forth behind the curtain. 有人在幕布后踱来踱去。
back down 放弃要求，让步
They refused to back down.他们不愿让步。
Since most of the people present agreed with her, I had to back down. 大多数到
会的人都同意她的意见,我只好放弃原来的意见了。
He has backed down from the position he took last week.
他已放弃他上星期所采取的立场。
The speakers forceful words persuaded his opponent to back down.
back up支持;堵塞;后退
Most members were against Mr. Jones, who would have lost his position if you had
n’t backed him up.
The new evidence backed up my argument.
新的证词有助于我的论点。
‘Don't shoot!’ he said and backed up.
“别开枪！” 他说着往后退。
Will you back me up in the argument.
be about to刚要，即将
bear / keep in mind牢记在心
You must bear in mind that your parents hope to depend on you to become a good doctor.
你要记住你的父母指望你成为一名好医生。
before long不久以后
Before long, the noise dropped completely and the boat began to drift gently acr
oss the water. 不久,轰鸣声完全消失了,于是这只船开始慢悠悠地漂浮在水面上。
beside point离题；不相干的
I want to do it in any case: the cost is beside the point.
To build another skyscraper in the city is beside the point.
在该城市再盖一座摩天大楼的问题不必谈了。
beyond question 无疑
both … and …两者都；既…又…，不但…而且…
break away摆脱，逃跑
The robbery suspect broke away from the lockup. 抢劫嫌疑犯从拘留所逃脱了。
Modern music like jazz has broken away from the old traditional rules.
现代音乐如爵士乐摆脱了旧的传统规则。
break down（机器）出故障；中断；分解
Our truck broke down outside town.
我们的卡车在城外抛锚了。
The car broke down halfway to the destination. 汽车在到达目的地的中途抛锚了。
The car broke down halfway to the camp.
车子在去营地的半路上抛锚了。
The 8 o'clock train broke down at Ferngreen station and was taken off the line.'
8点钟的那趟车因在芬格林车站出了故障而被取消了。
The peace talks have broke down.
The figures must be broken down into several lists.
break in插嘴；闯入
He broke in with some ideas of his own.
It's her usual habit to break in with some ideas of her own.
他常常打断别人的话来发表自己的观点。
Don't break in when the adventurer is telling his own story.
冒险家讲他自己的经历时,别打断他。
Children shouldn't break in on adults' conversation.小孩子不要打断大人们的谈话。
The telephone ring broke in on/upon my thoughts. 电话铃声打断了我的思路。
The burglar broke in and stole my money.
夜窃贼破门而入,偷了我的钱。
break into闯入；打断；突然开始
The thieves broke into the office and stole some money. 小偷闯入办公室，偷了一些
钱。
The bandits broke into the jewelry and stole near all the valuable necklaces.土匪
们闯进了珠宝店盗走了几乎所有值钱的项链。
to break into a conversation.
to break into song 突然唱起歌来
The crowd broke into cheers and the drunk bowed.观众们爆发出一阵欢呼,醉汉鞠了一躬
。
The car windows broke into pieces when the two cars crashed into each other.
两辆车相撞时车上的窗玻璃破裂成碎片。
The new waitress dropped the dish on the floor, and it broke into fragments. 新来
的女服务员把菜盘子掉在地上,摔成了碎片。
break off 中断, 折断, 突然停止
Those two countries have broken off relations.
Let’s break off work and have some tea.
He broke off a branch and gave it to me.
break out突然发生；爆发
Fire broke out in the kitchen.
厨房突然发生了火灾。
It was almost midnight that a fire broke out in the neighborhood.
昨天快半夜了这儿附近发生了火灾。
His back broke out in spots.
他背上出现了许多斑点。
She broke out in curses in her dream.
她在梦中大声咒骂起来。
The fire broke out in the basement.
地下室着了火。
World War II broke out in 1939.
第二次世界大战是1939年爆发的。
Hostilities have broken out between the two countries. 两国之间爆发了战争。
break through突破；克服；挣脱而出
Have our soldiers broke through the enemy’s defense yet?
Scientists have recently broken through another barrier to knowledge.
It was a cloudy day, but the sun at last broke through.
After the storm the sun broke through the clouds. 风暴过后太阳冲破了云层。
At last, those physicians and specialists broke through in their fight against h
eart disease. 那些内科医生和专家们终于在同心脏病的斗争中取得了突破。
The guerrillas soon broke through.
游击队很快就突围了。
break up打碎；中断
Freezing weather will break up the soil.
The crowd started to break up when the night fell.天快黑时人群开始散开了。
The ice will break up when the warm weather comes. 天气转暖,冰层就会破裂。
Their marriage broke up. 他们的婚姻破裂了。
bring about 引起；造成
Science has brought about many changes in our lives.
bring down 使倒下；使下降；使受挫折
The pilot brought the plane down gently.
He brought the deer down with one shoot.
to bring down the price.
bring forward 提出；提前 (= put forward)
Can the prisoner bring forward any proof of his story?
The election will be brought forward to June, as to many people are on holiday i
n July.
We'll bring the party forward.
我们要把晚会提前。
They'll bring the date of their marriage forward from the 30th to the 28th. 他们
将把结婚的日期从三十日提前到二十八日。
A plan was brought forward. 提出一项计划。
The general manager brought forward a new reform plan on the personnel system fo
r the coMPAny. 总经理为公司提出了一份有关人事制度改革的新方案。
The final examination will be brought forward to June instead of July.
期终考试将由七月提前到六月举行。
The lawyer brought forward some new evidences against the murder.
律师为这件谋杀案提出了一些新的证据。
bring into operation 实施，使生效；使运行
bring out显示出来；出版，生产
Difficulties can bring put a person’s best qualities.
to bring out a new kind of soap
生产一种新肥皂
to bring out the worst in sb.
使（某人）显露其最丑恶的一面
bring up提出；教育；培养
to bring up the question提出问题
to bring up children
build up 增长；积累
to build up one's strength 增强体力
But at sea the wind can build up giant, powerful waves.
但是在海上,风能形成巨大强劲的波浪。
Hard working conditions build up character. 艰苦的工作条件能磨练人的性格。
Promote physical culture and build up the people's health.发展体育运动,增强人民体
质。
I'm very glad to see that your vocabulary is gradually building up.
看到你的词汇量在逐渐增长,我很高兴。
Many a large and important business has been built up from small beginnings.
burn down 烧毁；烧掉
The building was burnt down and only ashes were left.
burn out 烧光；熄灭；疲乏
The building was burnt out and only the walls remained.
You’ll burn yourself out if you work too hard.
burn up烧尽；烧旺
All the wood has been burnt up.
Put some more wood on the fire to make it burn up.
but for要是没有，要不是
But for my brother's help, I would not have finished.
要不是我兄弟的帮助，我是无法完成的。
注意：常+虚拟语气
by accident偶然；不小心
I met Jacob by accident in the cinema.
我偶然在电影院遇到了雅各布。
by all means尽一切办法；务必
by and by不久以后；不一会儿
He’ll come back by and by.
by and large 一般来说，大体上
By and large, your idea is a good one.
by far 得多；显然
He is by far the tallest among us.
His explanation is clear by far.
注意：主要用来修饰比较级，最高级，强调数量、程度等。
by hand用手；由专人送的；用体力
by itself自动地，单独地
The house stands by itself outside the village. 这幢房子孤单地坐落在村外。
by means of通过…手段；借助于，用
by mistake弄错，错误地
by no means 根本没有；一点也不
I am by no means pleased with this behavior.
by oneself单独地，独自地
by the way顺便说说；顺便提起
By the way, what happened to the money?
顺便问一句，那笔钱后来怎么样了？
by virtue of由于；因为
Though she isn’t British by birth, she’s a British citizen by virtue of her ma
rriage to an Englishmen.
by way of取道；用…方法，通过
by way of London 途经伦敦
learning reading by way of pictures
C
call for需要；要求；邀请
problems that call for immediate solution
Let’s go to the meeting together, and I’ll call for you.
to call for bid招标
The occasion calls for a cool head.
这种场合需要冷静的头脑。
call off取消；停止
The meeting has been called off.会议取消了。
call on拜访；看望；号召
We’ll call on Mary tomorrow.
I call on the people of this country to work hard for national unity.
call up打电话；使人想起；召集
I’ll call you up this evening.
These scenes called up my childhood memories.
The government is calling up men for the army.
can / could not help禁不住，忍不住
capable of有能力的；可以…的，可能
Are you capable of climbing that tree?
你能爬上那棵树吗？
She is proud of her son, who's very capable as a driver.她为他的儿子自豪,因为他很
会开车。
That mob's capable of any crime.
那个暴徒什么违法的事都会干得出来。
This tool machine is capable of being improved. 这台机床是可以改进的。
care for照顾；关心；喜欢
I don't care for tea. 我不喜欢喝茶。
He's good at caring for sick animals.
他精心照料生病的牲畜。
Uncle Dick is very good at caring for sick animals. 狄克大叔照管生病的动物,很在行
。
carry off拿走，抓走，赢得（奖章等）
The college team carried off all the prizes of the table tennis.
大学代表队囊括了全部乒乓球比赛的奖项。
Jean carried off all the prizes in the competition.
carry on继续下去；从事
Even after the king had entered the room, she carried on talking.
Carry on reading! 继续读！
We must carry on till success in spite of the extremely difficult conditions.尽
管条件极端困难,我们必须坚持下去,直到成功。
carry out执行，贯彻；实现
He carried out his promise to quit smoking.
carry out one's plan 实行自己的计划
I have carried out my work.
我已经完成了我的工作。
carry through 完成，进行到底
Carry the revolution through to the end
His courage will carry him through.
他的勇气会帮他渡过难关。
catch fire着火，烧着
catch sb.’s eye引起注意
catch sight of 看到，发现
I caught sight my old friend in town today.
catch up with赶上
You'll have to work harder to catch up with the top students in your class.
要赶上班上最优秀的同学你得更加用功才行。
When she caught up with them, she saw that they had sat down and were going thro
ugh the contents of the bag. 当她赶上时,看到他们已坐下正在仔细查看包里的东西。
You start first, walk on and I'll catch up with you later.
你们先动身,往前走,我等一会儿会赶上你们的。
check in办理登记手续
Passengers must check in at the airport an hour before the plane leaves. 旅客们必
须在飞机起飞前一小时到机场办理登机手续。
check out结帐后离开；检验，检查
check up / on 检查，检验
Please check up on the truth of this story.
clear away把…清除掉；扫除
clear up清理；澄清；（天气）放晴
to clear up a misunderstanding 解除误会
clear up the desk 整理书桌
Would you clear up this room before our visitors arrive?
客人到来之前,请拾掇一下这个房间好吗?
come about发生
How did it come about? 那事是怎么发生的?
come across偶遇；碰到；讲清楚
We've just come across an old friend we haven't seen for ages.
我们刚碰到了一位多年不见的老朋友。
Your speech came across very well, everyone understands your opinion now.
come along进展；成功；一道走
How's your work coming along?
你的工作进展如何？
She comes along with us.
come into effect生效
come off 发生；举行；成功
The wedding came off as planned.
Their attempt to shoot the king did not came off.
come on快点；走吧；有进展
The player came on late. 该球员出场晚了。
The corn is coming on splendidly.
come out 出来；结果是；出版
Come out first! 得第一名！
The stars came out as soon as darkness fell.天一黑,星星就出来了。
When does John's book come out?
约翰的书什么时候出版？
come round/around再现；恢复知觉；改变看法
He'll come round to our way of thinking.
他会改变立场而支持我们的。
May Day will soon come round.
五一节就要到了。
come through经历，获得成功
Come through a war (a serious illness)
I know that in the end John would come through.
come to苏醒；达到；总数为
She fainted, and it was half an hour before she came to again.
They came to the conclusion that they had made an unforgivable mistake. 他们得到
的结论是他们犯了一个不可饶恕的错误。
The water came to my waist.
水已达我的腰部。
The performance of the opera has come to its climax. 歌剧的表演已经到达最高潮了
。
The bill came to $5.50.账款共计5元50分。
come up发生；走上前来；（时间）快到
I’ll let you know if anything comes up.
He came up and said,” Pleased to see you”
come up against碰到（困难）
come up against a series of problems.
碰到一系列的问题。
The workers came up against their employer’s unwillingness to pay higher wages.
come up to达到（高度、程度）；符合
Your recent work hasn’t come up to your earlier standards.
The water came up to his waist.
come up with赶上；提出
He couldn't come up with an answer.
他答不上来。
He couldn't come up with an appropriate answer just at the time.
那时他想不出一个合适的答案。
Come up with a proposal/response
提出建议/作出反映
coMPAre to把…比作；比为
Man's life is often coMPAred to a candle.
人生常被喻为蜡烛。
The poet coMPAres his lover to a rose in his poems.诗人在他诗歌中把他的情人比作玫
瑰花。
coMPAre with比较；与…相比
Walking can't coMPAre with flying.
走路比不上飞行。
Living in a town can't coMPAre with living in the country in many respects.
在许多方面城市生活比不上在乡村生活。
count on依靠，依赖
You can’t count on the weather being fine.
count up算出…总数，总计
Count up all those figures to me.
It counts up to more than 50 yuan.
cover up掩盖，掩饰
She tried to cover up her nervousness as she waited to make her speech.
cut across绕近道穿过；超越；遮住
Broader areas of study that cut across the divisions between school subjects.
a new group of members of parliament that cuts across party lines
无党派议员组成的新团体
The distance will be less if we cut across the fields.
cut back削减；终止；急忙返回
The unions strongly oppose any plan to cut back industrial production.
cut down削减；减少
The doctors told me to cut down (on) smoking and drinking.
cut in插嘴,打断；突然出来
Don't cut in while I'm talking.
我说话时别插嘴。
cut off切断；中断；隔绝
She cut off a small piece of cake and gave it to me.
We were cut off in the middle of our telephone conversation.
When the city was cut off, everyone knew that total defeat was certain.
cut out删掉；戒掉
My doctors said I must cut out smoking and strong drinks.
If you want to get thin you must cut out sugar.
cut short中断；打断；缩短
Cut sb. short
Cut short the stay abroad
D
deal in买卖；经销
The shop deals in woolen goods/electrical appliances.
deal out分配
deal out two apples apiece分给每人两个苹果
deal with论述；涉及；与…打交道
Tom’s new book deals with the troubles in Ireland.
I have dealt with this person for 20 years.
die down逐渐消失；变弱
After the excitement of the audience died down, the speaker restarted his speech
.
等听众激动的情绪平息后,演讲人又重新开始演讲。
die out消失灭绝
do / try one’s best尽力，努力
do away with消灭，灭掉
The government should do away with the regulations restricting drinking hours.
do without没有…也行；免除；不用
If there is no bread, we must do without (it), that’s all.
draw in到站；吸收；使加入
The train drew in. 公共汽车驶到路旁。
draw on利用；支取；吸
I should have to draw on the money I’ve saved.
Draw on sb. at 30 days’ sight
见票30天后向某人支取
draw up起草；制定；（使）停住
I will draw up a scheme of it for you.
我将替你草拟这事的计划。
Draw up a plan/contract
The car drew up and 3 men got out.
dress up穿上盛装
She like to dress up for a party.
她喜欢把自己打扮得漂漂亮亮去参加晚会。
drop by / in顺便来访，非正式访问
Why don’t you drop in and see me some time.
drop off掉下；入睡；（让）…下车
Interest in the game has dropped off.
—Where were you dropped off?
—At the bus stop just round the corner.
drop out退出；退学；掉出
Dropping out of school is usually not wise.
He dropped out off ordinary society because it was driving him mad.
due to因为；由于
accidents due to driving at high speed
由于高速开车而引起的交通事故
Her illness was due to bad food.
她的病是坏了的食物造成的。

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