考研英语英译汉十大难点之对称关系及英译汉的变化

六、对称关系
　　（1）结构上对称，例用并列联词，and， or but
　　（2）误意上对称，使用同一类型的词。
　　例：New forms of thought as well as new subjects for thought must arise in the future as they have in the past， giving rise to new standards of elegance.
　　同过去一样，将来必然会出现新的思维方式和新的思维对象，给完美以新的标准。
　　The target is wrong， for in attacking the tests， critics divert attention from the fault that lies with ill-informed or incompetent users.
　　例：例如，测试并不能弥补明显的社会不公；因此，它们不能说明一个物质条件差的年轻人，如果在较好的环境下成长的话，会有多大才干。
　　例：During this transfer， traditional historical methods were augmented by additional methodologies designed to interpret the new forms of evidence in the historical study.
七、英译汉中的变化
　　一个是结构上的变化，另一个是英语词上的变化
　　（1）结构上的变化
　　例：This seems mostly effectively done by supporting a certain amount of research not related to immediate goals but of possible consequence in the future.
　　给某些与当前目标无关但将来可能产生影响的科研以支持，看来通常能有效地解决这个问题。
　　（2）用词上的变化
　　例：Interest in historical methods has arisen less through external challenge to the validity of history as an intellectual discipline and more from internal quarrels among historians themselves.
　　人们之所以关注历史研究的方法论，主要是因为史学界内部意见不一，其次是因为外界并不认为历史是一门学问。
　　例：The behavioral sciences have been slow to change partly because the explanatory items often seem to be directly observed and partly because other kinds of explanations have been hard to find.
　　行为科学之所以发展一直缓慢，部分原因是用来解释行为的依据似乎往往是直接观察到的，部分原因是其他的解释方式一直难以找到。