【复习指导】四级英语轻松过——《分类突破词汇》
动词短语专练（1） 1. When she heard the bad news, she ______ completely. A) broke away B) broke out C) broke down D) broke through 2. When John was nineteen he ______ going around with a strange set of people and staying out very late. A) took to B) took up C) took for D) took on 3. After Marry and Jane covered 25 kilometers that day, their legs under them ______. A) gave in B) gave off C) gave out D) gave away 4. To my surprise, at yesterday’s meeting he again ______ the plan that had been disapproved a month before. A) brought up B) brought on C) brought in D) brought about 5. Truth is something proven by experiment, so nothing should be ______. A) born in mind B) taken into consideration C) put up with D) taken for granted
［答案与精解］
1. C 当她听到这个坏消息时，她完全崩溃了。 C)break down意为“体力和心力的衰弱或丧失”。A)break away（from）意为逃离。 The criminal broke away from the policemen who were holding him.这个罪犯从关押他的警察那儿逃走了。B)break out意为突然发生，爆发。D)break through意为“突破（围墙，障碍物等），出现”。 如：It was a cloudy day, but the sun at last broke through. 乌云密布，但太阳最终还是钻出云层。 2. A 约翰19岁时就和一群陌生人混在一起，很晚不回家。 take to 沉湎于：John’s taken to drinking too much lately. 最近约翰过于沉溺于饮酒。B) take up从事于；（活动，事件）占去（时间）；C) take for 把……当作：I’m not going to help you to steal a car; what do you take me for? 你把我当成什么样的人？ 把（某人）错看成（别人）：I took you for Mrs. Brown when I saw you this morning. 今天早上看到你时我把你错当成布朗太太了。D) take on 承担；聘用。
3C 玛丽和简那天走了25公里，她们的腿都没有劲了。 give out ①（人）体力不支：Tom’s legs gave out and he couldn’t run any further. 汤姆的腿没劲了，他再也跑不动了。②=run out被用完，耗尽，没有了：We must go home, our money has given out. 我们必须回家了，我们的钱已经花完了。③ 分发，散发：Give out the examination papers.分发考试卷。A）give in让步，屈服：Don’t give in to his opinions. 别对他的意见让步。B）give off发散，放出（光、热、汽）：The roses gave off a nice smell. 那玫瑰发散着芬芳。D）give away赠送；泄露：He has given away all his money to the beggar. 他把所有的钱都给了乞丐。
4. A 让我吃惊的是，在昨天的会议上他竟又一次提出一个月前已被否决的计划。 A)bring up 除了“抚养，教育”之意外，如：to bring up children；还有“提出，引起注意”之意。同“to raise or introduce （a subject）”，“call attention to”, 如：bring up the question of unemployment 提出失业问题；B)bring on，意为 “lead to, (help to)produce”, 产生，引起，导致 Going out in the rain brought on a fever. 冒雨外出因而发烧。bring on还可作“帮助，进展”讲。More study should bring on your English.多下功夫，你的英语会进步。C) bring in意为 “introduce”,介绍，提出。往往强调是第一次。To bring in a bill in Parliament在国会提出议案。D)bring about =cause to happen, 引起，导致，致使。如：The developments in science and technology have brought about many changes in our lives。科技的发展给我们的生活带来了许多变化。 5. D ［注释］真理是经实验证明的东西，所以什么都不能想当然。take something/someone for granted 认为……理所当然：I took it for granted that new roads should be built. 我认为我们建新的公路是理所当然的。A)bear/keep sth in mind 牢记在心：I’ll always bear what he has done for me in mind. 我永远也不会忘记他为我所做的一切。B)take sth into consideration=take sth into account=consider 考虑：The teacher promised to take the students’ needs into full consideration in his teaching. 老师保证说在他的教学中会充分考虑学生的需求。C)put up with=bear=stand 容忍，忍受：That’s the kind of rude behavior that I just will not put up with! 我就是无法忍受那种粗鲁的行为。
