2001年1月英语六级“词汇与结构”题解析
(2001Jan.)原试题:
31.Starting with the ________ that there is life on the planet
Mars,the scientist went on to develop his argument.
A)prem iseB)pretext C)foundationD)presentation
32.After several nuclear disasters,a has raged over the
safety of nuclear energy.
A)quarrelB)suspicion C)verdictD)controversy
33.Their diplomatic principles completely laid bare their ____
____ for world conquest.
A)admirationB)am bition C)adm inistration D)orientation
34.The director gave me his ________ that he would double my
pay if I did my job well.
A)warrantB)obligation C)assuranceD)certainty
35.The Christm as tree was decorated with shining ________
such as colored lights and glass balls.
A)ornam entsB)luxuries C)exhibitsD)complements
36.The two m ost im portant ________ in making a cake are
flour and sugar.
A)elementsB)components C)ingredientsD)constituents
37.Cultural ________ indicates that human beings hand their
languages down from one generation to another.
A)translationB)transition C)transm ission D)transaction
38.We must look beyond ____ and assumptions and try to
discover what is missing.
A)justificationsB)illusions
C)manifestationsD)specifications
39.No one imagined that the apparently businessman was really
a crim inal.
A)respectiveB)respectable C)respectfulD)realistic
40.If nothing is done to protect the environment,millions of
species that are alive today will have become ________ .
A)deterioratedB)degenerated C)suppressedD)extinct
41.The ________ of the scientific attitude is that the human
mind can succeed in understanding the universe.
A)essenceB)content C)texture D)threshold
42.The old lady has developed a cough which cannot be cured
completely in a short time.
A)perpetual B)permanent C)chronicD)sustained
43.What the correspondent sent us is an _______ news report.
We can depend on it.
A)evident B)authentic C)ultimate D)immediate
44.Having had her as a professor and adviser,I can tell you
that she is an ________ force who pushes her students to
excel far beyond their own expectations.
A)inspirationalB)educational C)excessive D)instantaneous
45.Some researchers feel that certain people have nervous
systems particularly to hot,dry winds.They are what we
call weather sensitive people.
A)subjective B)subordinate C)liable D)vulnerable
46.Hurricanes are killer winds,and their power lies in the
physical dam age they can do.
A)cum ulative B)destructive C)turbulent D)prevalent
47.In some countries,students are expected to be quiet and
________ in the classroom .
A)skepticalB)faithful C)obedient D)subsidiary
48.In spite of the ____ economic forecasts,manufacturing
output has risen slightly.
A)gloomy B)miserable C)shadowyD)obscure
49.Body paint or face paint is used mostly by men in pre-
literate societies in order to attract good health or to
________ disease.
A)set asideB)ward off C)shrug off D)give away
50.The international situation has been growing ____difficult
for the last few years.
A)invariably B)presum ably C)increasinglyD)dominantly
51.The prisoner was ____ of his civil liberty for three
years.
A)dischargedB)derived C)deprived D)dispatched
52.Small farms and the lack of modern technology have ____
agricultural production.
A)blundered B)tangled C)bewilderedD)hampered
53.The Japanese scientists have found that scents ________
efficiency and reduce stress among office workers.
A)enhanceB)amplify C)fosterD)magnify
54.All the students have to ________ to the rules and
regulations of the school.
A)confirmB)confront C)confineD)conform
55.He ________ his head,wondering how to solve the problem.
A)scrappedB)screwed C)scrapedD)scratched
56.As soon as the boy was able to earn his own living he ____
____ his parents'strict rules.
A)defiedB)refuted C)excludedD)vetoed
57.The helicopter ________ a light plane and both pilots were
killed.
A)coincided with B)stum bled on
C)tum bled toD)collided with
58.To ________ is to save and protect,to leave what we
ourselves enjoy in such good condition that others may also
share the enjoyment.
A)conserveB)conceive C)convertD)contrive59.Put on dark glasses or the sun will
59.Put on dark glasses or the sun will you and you won't be________able to see.
A)discernB)distort C)distract D)dazzle
60.In ________ times human beings did not travel for pleasure
but to find a more favorable climate.
A)primeB)primitive C)primaryD)preliminary
【解析部分】
31.答案为A)。premise意为"前提",句意为:以火星有生命这一前提开始,那位科学家继续深入他的论证。其他三个选项的意思是:B)pretext借口;C) foundation基础;D)presentation陈述。
32.答案为D)。controversy意为"争论",句意为:几起核灾难之后,关于核能安全的问题引起了激烈的争论。其他三个选项的意思是:A)quarrel争吵,吵架;B)suspicion猜疑,怀疑;C)verdict判决,结论。
33.答案为B)。ambition意为"野心",句意为:他们的外交原则彻底将他们要征服世界的野心暴露无遗。其他三个名词的意思是:A)admiration赞美;C) administration行政,管理;D)orientation方向,方位。
34.答案为C)。assurance意为"保证,担保",句意为:主任向我保证,如果我把工作做好,他会给我双倍的工资。其他三个名词的意思是:A)warrant作名词意为"证明,凭证",作动词有"保证,担保"的意思。B) obligation义务;D)certainty肯定。
35.答案为A)。ornament意为"装饰物",句意为:圣诞树用彩灯和玻璃球之类的装饰物装饰了起来。B)luxury奢侈品;C)exhibit展览品;D)complement补充物。
36.答案为C)。ingredient意为"(混合物中之)成分",句意为:做蛋糕的最主要的成分是面粉和糖。其他三个名词的意思是:A)element元素,要素;B)component(构成整体的)部件;D)constituent构成部分。
37.答案为C)。这是四个都含有前缀trans-的名词的辨析。A)translation翻译;B)transition转换;C) transmission传播;D)transaction交易。C)符合题意要求。句意为:文化传播表明人类把他们的语言从上一代传给下一代。
38.答案为B)。illusion意为"幻想",句意为:我们必须摒弃幻想和假设来看问题,设法搞清丢失了什么。其他三个名词的意思是:A)justification理由,辩护;C)manifestation展示,证明;D)specification规格说明,规格。
39.答案为B)。选项中三个形容词都有同一根词respect,特别注意它们意义的差别。A)respective分别的,各自的;B)respectable可敬的,值得尊敬;C)re- spectful尊重人的,有礼貌的;D)realistic现实(主义)的。选项B)符合题意。句意为:没有人会想象到,那个外表可敬的商人实际上是个罪犯。
40.答案为D)。选项中四个形容词,有三个是由动词的过去分词转化而来。其意义分别是:A)de- teriorated退化的,恶化的;B)degenerated堕落的;C) suppressed压抑的;D)extinct灭绝的。D)extinct符合题意要求。句意为:如果不采取措施保护环境,数以百万计现在活着的物种就会灭绝。
41.答案为A)。essence意为"本质,精髓",句意为:科学态度的本质是人类的意识能成功地理解宇宙。其他三个名词的意义是:B)content内容;C)tex- ture结构;D)threshold入口,门槛。
42.答案为C)。chronic意为"慢性的",句意为:这位老太太患有慢性咳嗽,短期内不能彻底治愈。其他三个形容词的意思是:A)perpetual永久的,持久的;B)permanent长期的,长久的;D)sustained持续不变的。
43.答案为B)。authentic意为"真实的,可靠的",句意为:通讯员发给我们的是一件真实的新闻报道,我们可以相信它。其他三个形容词的意思是:A) evident明显的;C)ultimate最后的,最终的;D)imme- diate紧急的,立即的。
44.答案为A)。inspirational意为"有鼓舞力的,给予灵感的",句意为:我可以告诉你,聘她作教授兼顾问,她会是一种鼓舞力量,促使她的学生成绩大大
优于他们自己的期望。其它三个形容词的意思是:B) educational教育的;C)excessive过分的;D)instantaneous即刻的,瞬间的。
45.答案为D)。vulnerable意为"易受攻击的,敏感的",句意为:有些研究者感到某些人的神经系统对热风和干风很敏感。他们就是我们所称的天气敏感者。其它三个形容词的意思是:A)subjective主观的;B)subordinate次要的,附属的;C)liable有……倾向的。
46.答案为B)。destructive意为"破坏性的",句意为:飓风是造成灾难的风,其破坏性在于能造成物质的损坏。其它三个形容词的意思是:A)cumulative累积的;C)turbulent狂暴的,动乱的;D)prevalent流行的。
47.答案为C)。obedient的意思是"顺从的,规矩的",句意为:在一些国家,要求学生在教室要保持安静并循规蹈矩。另外三个形容词的意义为:A) skeptical怀疑的;B)faithful忠诚的;D)subsidiary辅助的。
48.答案为A)。gloomy的意思为"令人沮丧的",句意为:尽管经济预测令人沮丧,但制造业的产量却稍有增加。其它三个形容词的意思是:B)miser- able悲惨的;C)shadowy有阴影的;D)obscure模糊的,暗的。
49.答案为B)。本题要求辨析四个动词短语。A)set aside不顾,置于一旁;B)ward off避开;C)shrug off不理,一笑置之;D)give away赠予,发出。选项B)符合句意要求。句意为:文身或文面多为尚无文字社会的人用来追求身体健康或避免疾博
50.答案为C)。increasingly意为"越来越……,日益……",句意为:在过去几年里,国际形势变得越来越困难。其它三个副词的意思是:A)invariably不变地,总是;B)presumably推测地,大概;D)dominantly起支配作用地。
51.答案为C)。deprive意为"剥夺",常与of搭配,句意为:囚犯被剥夺三年的公民自由权。A)dis- charge意为"指控",常与with搭配,discharge...with意思是"指控某人犯……罪";B)derive意为"来自,起源",常与from搭配;D)dispatch意为"派遣"。
52.答案为D)。hamper意为"阻碍,束缚",句意为:小农场以及缺乏现代技术束缚了农业的生产。其它三个动词的意义是:A)blunder犯错误;B)tangle纠缠;C)bewilder迷惑。
53.答案为A)。四个动词的意思分别是:A)en- hance增强,提高;B)amplify放大,增强;C)foster鼓励;D)magnify放大,扩大。句意为:日本科学家发现,香味能提高办公室人员的工作效率,并能减轻他们的压力。
54.答案为D)。这是四个形似但意义各不相同的动词。A)confirm证实,确认;B)confront面对,遭遇;C)confine限制,禁闭;D)conform遵守,服从,常与介词to搭配。D)conform不仅在意义上,而且在结构上也符合原题。句意为:所有学生都得遵守学校的规章制度。
55.答案为D)。scratch意为"抓,挠",句意为:他挠一挠头,考虑如何解决这个问题。其它三个动词的意思分别是:A)scrap废弃;B)screw拧;C)scrape刮,擦。
56.答案为A)。defy意为"藐视,公然对抗",句意为:男孩子刚能够自己谋生,就公然对抗父母的严格规矩。另外三个动词的意义是:B)refute反驳,驳斥;C)exclude排除,不包括;D)veto否决。
57.答案为D)。本题是动词短语辨析。四个动词短语的意义分别是:A)coincide with与……同时发生,与……相符合;B)stumble on偶尔遇到;C)tumble to恍然大悟;D)collide with与……碰撞。选项D)符合题意。句意为:那架直升飞机与一架轻型飞机相撞,两个飞行员都遇难了。
58.答案为A)。选项中四个动词的意义分别是:A)conserve保藏,保存;B)conceive想象;怀孕;C) convert转换;D)contrive发明,设计。句意为:保存就是留下来并保护起来,使我们自己享用的东西保持完好,让别人也可分享。
59.答案为D)。dazzle意为"使人眩晕,眼花",句意为:戴上墨镜,不然太阳会使你眼花,看不见东西。其它三个动词的意思是:A)discern辨认,识别;B) distort扭曲,歪曲;C)distract分散,分心。
60.答案为B)。primitive意为"原始的",句意为:在原始时代,人类旅行不是为了找乐趣,而是寻找更有利的气候。其它三个形容词的意思是,A) prime首要的;C)primary最初的;D)prelimi- nary开端的,最初的。